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图神经网络在O-RAN移动性管理中的应用:一种链路预测方法

2502.02170v2

中文标题#

图神经网络在 O-RAN 移动性管理中的应用:一种链路预测方法

英文标题#

Graph Neural Networks for O-RAN Mobility Management: A Link Prediction Approach

中文摘要#

移动性能一直是蜂窝网络到 5G 的关键关注点。 为了提高切换(HO)性能,3GPP 在 5G 中引入了条件切换(CHO)和第 1 层 / 第 2 层触发的移动性(LTM)机制。 虽然这些反应式 HO 策略解决了 HO 失败(HOF)和乒乓效应之间的权衡,但由于额外的 HO 准备,它们通常会导致无线电资源利用效率低下。 为了解决这些挑战,本文提出了一种主动 HO 框架,用于 O-RAN 中的移动性管理,利用用户 - 小区链路预测来确定最佳目标小区进行 HO。 我们探讨了各种图神经网络(GNNs)用于链路预测,并分析了将它们应用于移动性管理领域的复杂性。 使用真实世界的数据集比较了两种 GNN 模型,实验结果证明了它们捕捉蜂窝网络动态和图结构特性的能力。 最后,我们总结了研究中的关键见解,并概述了未来步骤,以实现基于 GNN 的链路预测在 O-RAN 网络中的移动性管理集成。

英文摘要#

Mobility performance has been a key focus in cellular networks up to 5G. To enhance handover (HO) performance, 3GPP introduced Conditional Handover (CHO) and Layer 1/Layer 2 Triggered Mobility (LTM) mechanisms in 5G. While these reactive HO strategies address the trade-off between HO failures (HOF) and ping-pong effects, they often result in inefficient radio resource utilization due to additional HO preparations. To overcome these challenges, this article proposes a proactive HO framework for mobility management in O-RAN, leveraging user-cell link predictions to identify the optimal target cell for HO. We explore various categories of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for link prediction and analyze the complexity of applying them to the mobility management domain. Two GNN models are compared using a real-world dataset, with experimental results demonstrating their ability to capture the dynamic and graph-structured nature of cellular networks. Finally, we present key insights from our study and outline future steps to enable the integration of GNN-based link prediction for mobility management in O-RAN networks.

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